Which philosopher's ideas had significant influences on economic theories and capitalist thought?

Adam Smith is often regarded as the father of modern economics and had a profound impact on capitalist thought. His seminal work, "The Wealth of Nations," published in 1776, laid the groundwork for classical economics and introduced key concepts such as the division of labor, the invisible hand of the market, and free markets.

Smith argued that individuals pursuing their own self-interest unintentionally contribute to the overall economic well-being of society. This idea is central to capitalist theory, promoting the notion that minimal government intervention in economic matters allows for greater productivity and innovation. Furthermore, his thoughts on competition and consumer demand have shaped modern economic policies and practices.

While the other philosophers—John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham, and David Ricardo—have made their own valuable contributions to economics and moral philosophy, Smith's foundational work and ideas on capitalism set the stage for future economic theories and discussions, making him a pivotal figure in this context.