What was the factory system?

The factory system refers to a method of production that began to take shape during the Industrial Revolution, characterized by the use of machinery alongside a large workforce to produce goods in a centralized location known as a factory. This system allowed for the mass production of items, significantly increasing efficiency and output compared to traditional methods. The introduction of machines enabled manufacturers to produce goods on a much larger scale and at a faster rate than small-scale crafting or home-based production could achieve. Furthermore, the factory system typically included a structured environment where workers performed specialized tasks, which further enhanced productivity and streamlined processes, making it a pivotal component of the industrial economy.

This approach to manufacturing contrasted sharply with earlier forms of production, which involved artisans creating goods by hand or families producing items in their homes or workshops. As a result, the factory system played a crucial role in transforming economies and societies during this period.