What was a common consequence of industrial automation?

The correct answer highlights a significant transformation that occurred during the Industrial Revolution due to automation. Industrial automation refers to the use of control systems for operating equipment in factories, boilers, and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft, and other applications. One major consequence of this shift was the increased mass production capabilities.

As machines took over many tasks previously done by hand, industries could produce large quantities of goods more efficiently and rapidly than ever before. This automation allowed for consistent quality and reduced the time required to manufacture products, which was crucial in meeting the growing demand during the period. The ability to produce items in bulk not only lowered costs but also increased accessibility to various goods, effectively changing consumer habits and economic structures.

In contrast, other options reflect outcomes that were less aligned with the primary effects of automation. For instance, increasing artisan jobs and reliance on manual labor would not be typical consequences of automation; instead, these would likely decline as machines replaced many artisans' roles. Additionally, a reduction in production speed contradicts the core premise of automation, which is to enhance efficiency and output.