What type of energy source became prominent during the Industrial Revolution?

Coal became the most prominent energy source during the Industrial Revolution due to its abundance and efficiency as a fuel for steam engines, which were crucial for powering factories, locomotives, and ships. The transition from traditional energy sources, like wood and water, to coal allowed for greater energy density and more consistent power supply, enabling mass production and the growth of industries.

The use of coal significantly contributed to the industrial processes that defined this period, leading to innovations in manufacturing and transportation. While oil and natural gas emerged later, primarily in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, coal was the driving force behind the initial phases of industrialization. Solar power was not a viable energy option at that time due to the lack of technology to harness it effectively on a large scale. Therefore, coal's role as a primary energy source underscores its importance in revolutionizing industry and society during this transformative era.