What social outcome did the Industrial Revolution have on laborers?

The Industrial Revolution significantly transformed the working conditions faced by laborers, leading to the correct identification of harsh working conditions as a key social outcome. As factories and mass production emerged, many laborers found themselves working long hours, often exceeding twelve hours a day, in unsafe and unsanitary environments. These conditions included inadequate ventilation, exposure to hazardous machinery, and overcrowding, which contributed to severe health issues and frequent accidents.

The industrial age marked a shift from agrarian lifestyles to concentrated urban workforces, where the power dynamics favored employers. As a result, laborers often had little recourse against unfair practices, experiencing exploitation through low wages and minimal legal protections. This era's lack of regulations meant that workers endured harsh realities that significantly impacted their physical and mental well-being.

In contrast, the other options, while relevant in discussions about labor during the Industrial Revolution, do not accurately reflect the dominant experience of workers during this time. Job security was often minimal, workdays were typically longer rather than shorter, and while some unions began to form in response to these conditions, their strength and effectiveness were limited in the early stages of industrialization. Thus, the predominance of harsh working conditions stands out as the most significant outcome for laborers during the Industrial Revolution