What is meant by innovation?

Innovation encompasses a wide range of activities, but at its core, it fundamentally refers to the act of improving existing inventions or methods. This process doesn't always necessitate the creation of something completely new; rather, it often involves refining or enhancing existing technologies, processes, or ideas to increase their efficiency, effectiveness, or accessibility.

During the Industrial Revolution, for example, many significant innovations were not about creating entirely new machinery but rather about making existing machines work better or faster, such as improving steam engine designs or streamlining production processes. This act of enhancement is crucial for progress and economic growth, as it leads to better products and services, ultimately benefiting society.

While the creation of entirely new systems, moves towards simpler manufacturing processes, or the establishment of societal norms can all involve elements of innovation, the essence of innovation lies prominently in the improvement and advancement of what already exists, thus making option B the most accurate representation of the concept.